Yearly Archives: 2021

Standard Payment Structure and Lead Time

Standard Payment Structure for manufacturing

The payment structure for board and card games is straightforward and simple. Though it does slightly vary between manufacturers in different countries and between publishers, the standard payment structure in the board game manufacturing industry is to have three or four payment installations:

  • Payment and Lead Time of the Sample Stage:
  • Down Payment pre-production
  • Mass Production Lead Time and Balance Payment
  • Shipping (optional)
  • Fulfillment (optional)

Before deciding to move forward and mass-produce a game, most customers prefer making a prototype game to check the quality of the material they chose and the way all game components fit together. After they check the game, they might decide to make adjustments to the game, the artwork, and the pieces.

Generally speaking, this stage takes between 20-30 days until the sample is delivered. It depends a lot on how organized and properly made the files for print are, as well as how many different Manufacturing Processes are there in the game.

A) Average Cost of Sample Game:

Currently, the average cost for a single sample game from a factory ranges between $150 to $400 a game.

However, this cost is very high to accept for a single game, especially for first time creators.

In addition, many game creators and publishers might take this sample and send it to board game reviewers or to events such as PAX and Essen so they can market their games before receiving the mass-produced games

B) Hero Time Offer 1:

To answer this problem, Hero Time now offers a special package of up to 5 sample games for around 60% of the cost of a stand-alone sample. In short,

    1. A single copy of a game that is identical to the final game, costs between $150-$400.
    2. Five copies with some minor variants will cost 80-200$ a game

C) Hero Time Offer 2:

If you are sure you want to move forward with mass production within a month of making the sample, Hero Time also offers a free sample upon a deposit payment for the mass production order. In this way, you are getting your sample for free.

Following the authorization of the final version of the game, Hero Time will send an Invoice (PI) to the customer. In this invoice, all the production details will be agreed upon: game specification, production timeline, payment structure, and delivery status. The invoice is a binding document equivalent to a contract. In many cases, when publishers will need Hero Time to do the shipping, the invoice will also include the estimated shipping price.

The down payment is usually 50% of the invoice’s total. If you have repeating orders, the initial payment can also be 30% of the invoice’s total. You can also view our specific terms and conditions here Terms and Conditions Page

Once the Down Payment was made, the manufacturer will move forward with mass production of the game. Here the manufacturer should go over all the files and dimension once more, order the raw materials, and start the manufacturing process of the Board game or card game. The lead time for mass production varies between game components, manufacturers, and seasons. Some manufacturers will take up to 60 days to prepare the delivery of the game. At Hero Time we try to keep it under 35 days.

After production has been completed and before delivery, the game creator or publisher will need to pay the remaining balance of their order.

If the publisher acquires Hero Time’s Shipping services, the shipping cost will be calculated prior to the delivery and will be paid at this stage. If the publisher is using a separate shipping provider and the shipping terms agreed with the manufacturer are FOB or EXW, then the shipping payment should be made with the chosen forwarder.

For large publishers that clear the games themselves, the final payment can be made after the Bill of Lading is issued.

Shipping lead time depends a lot on the destination country and the shipping method that was chosen. The Lead time and price for them are as follows:

The below Shipping Table is specifically the offering of Hero Time, you should ask your manufacturer for his policies and time lines.

  Available Countries Price Lead Time Terms
Fast UPS Shipping US between 2.8-3.5USD a KG 30 Days Door to Door all Duty and VAT paid
Slow UPS Shipping US, Canada, EU, UK, AU,NZ between 2-2.6USD a KG 60-80 Days Door to Door all Duty and VAT paid
CBM / Container Shipping Worldwide 250-450USD per CBM
+400- 800USD fixed costs
40-70 Days US – Door to Door all paid
AU/NZ – Door to Door excluding GST
Rest of World – to the destination port
Shipping prices table

You can check our Shipping Terms article here for your reference.

The shipping payment will be made upon the completion of mass production, or if you are using a different shipper aside from your Board Game Manufacturer, you will need to pre-pay this amount before the pick up of your games.

Though this is an uncommon service amongst board game manufacturers, Customers can have Hero Time manage their fulfillment as well. The payment for the fulfillment should only be done once the warehouses in the destination countries get the games and calculate the exact fulfillment prices. This is to ensure game creators on crowdfunding platforms get the best prices possible and are not overcharged in advance.

Organizing all the deliveries and shipping from the warehouse to the backers can take anywhere between 10-30 days, depending on the location of the backer, and from which warehouse they were sent.

  1.  

1. If I pay the first deposit, do I still need to pay for the sample?

No, if you pay the deposit, the sample is free of charge

2. If I got a sample once and I am not satisfied with it? Can I get a new sample?

Yes. Once you pay for a sample, you can get up to three sample runs

3. Is the prototype board game identical to the final game?

Samples are printed using a digital printer, while the mass-produced order is print by an offset printer. The digital print is slightly darker and starts to fade after 2 months or so. Aside from this, the sample will be the same as the final mass-produced game.

4. How can I be sure the game will come out as I want it?

Hero Time will record the production of your game, and will send you constant updates about it. Though digital content is not 100% the same as an actual game held in your hand, errors can still be spotted, and you can feel safe with your game.

5. If during production I found that the factory made a mistake. What then?

Though it rarely happens, if it did happen, let your correspondent in Hero Time know, and they will make sure the factory re-does the job, free of charge

6. If I started manufacturing and then decided to change the design, will HeroTime be able to change it?

Once the factory starts printing, you will need to bear the costs of a reprint. The cost will only be for those sheets you want to change. Not the whole order.

7. How can I ensure the game will be produced according to the agreed timeline?

HeroTime’s representatives will be in the factory and will make sure the factories stand according to the deadlines.

8. Will the factories ever deviate from the agreed timeline?

In some cases where Hero Time will approve the delay. For example, if it is raining hard, it is better not to transport or cut the board games as the air is very damp and can ruin the boards. in that and other similar cases Hero Time will recommend changing the deadline

Shipping Board Games FAQ’S

Hero Time offers board game creators shipping and fulfilling services for board games. If you have ran a KS campaign and you need to send your game to multiple locations, we will take care of each game and send it to its destination.  

Plus, if your customers are from around the world and you need warehousing at a global location that can send games anywhere across the world for a reasonable price, we are here for you. For only 10$ a month per CBM, we will store handle and ship your merchandise.

Frequently Asked Questions

Can HeroTime help me with shipping?

Shipping Board Games is a tricky part, but Yes. Defiantly. Hero Time believes in added service and will do anything to help game creators.

Shall I ship by air or by sea?

Though shipping by air is much faster (7 days rather than 30) the company charges by weight and the cost can come out up to 5 times higher.

How much is the average weight of a game?

It largely depends on your game and the number of components you have. A game like Amun – Ra or Zaberias is nearly 2 kilos, while smaller card games can be 0.6 Kilos. It is best you weigh your game or ask HeroTime to do it.

Are there any new tariffs on game imports?

Currently, in the US board games fall under HS Code 950490, and hence do not have any additional VAT charges.

In the UK, EU, and Canada the VAT is 20%. In AU and NZ the GST is 15%

How to calculate the CBM of my game?

Take your outer box then multiply the length x height x width, giving you the space of each game box. Multiply the total amount by 1.45, to accommodate for the shipping boxes, and then multiply that by the number of games you have, and you get the entire space they take. 

So length x height x width x 1.45 x number of games.

Will any of my games be damaged during shipping?

It depends on the shipping channel you use, if you are only printing up to 2000 games, we might choose UPS shipping which is not palletized, and then the damage rate can go up to 3%, if you palletize your games, damage rates will be less than 1%. However, keep in mind, that palletizing small quantities is not cost-effective at all.

How can I avoid my games being damaged?

One way to avoid damage is by packing the games on pallets. However, you should consider that pallets add an extra 30% for space and CBM. and cost an extra $25 per pallet.

Do I need a special license to import board games?

If you use Hero Time shipping channels you do not need to have a license, as Hero Time acts as the importer. We went out of the way and applied an import license in most countries so you do not need to worry about it. If you want to use other shipping channels it is also possible, but make sure you have a customs agent you can trust to handle everything, as prices can increase dramatically if there are any delays.

Shall I add anything special on the box?

Yes. You should have that it was made in China and by HeroTime. You can also add the HS or your own code. On each individual game, you should have safety for kids icons, the appropriate age of players, and the number of players the game is designed for.

Wooden Game Pieces

Board game wooden pieces

The Wooden game pieces are a massive part of board games, and they come in a few standard shapes and with a multitude of custom shapes. Almost every mid-weight indie board game uses wood pieces in their games as tokens, resources, buildings, etc. Wood pieces are the best way to have 3D pieces that stand out of the board.

1. Standard Wooden Game Pieces:

These wooden game pieces are in almost every game: meeples, pawns, cubes, discs, cylinders, sticks, houses, what have you. However, as even standard wooden game pieces are made per demand and are not always available in the right colors or quantities, you can also make custom-shaped wood pieces for the same price.  

2. Wood Component Prices: 

The price for wood pieces is calculated by the number of curves and crevasses and the piece’s actual size

For example, while a humanoid meeple can go up to 0.06USD per piece (depending on quantity), a standard Helma Pawn will be only 0.045 at most as it is easier to cut and paint.

 

3. Wood Components Quality:

 The Wood components can be either be made by Hemu or Beechwood. If you got a quote for wood components that is extremely low, it is probably because it is made of Hemu wood which is softer and is not as flat and even.

Another thing to look at is the paint job; very cheap wood components tend to miss some color on the curves and corners of the pieces and even in the wood piece’s flat areas.

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There are three types of printing that can be done on wood components.

1. Screen Printing:

Screen printing is done by creating a screen that has some minor holes and slots on it. The painter overlays the screen on top of the wood piece, adds color, and then swipes the screen with the color. But, The color then goes through the minor holes and is laid flat on the wood piece.

Though screen print probably has the crispiest colors, it is also the most expensive. Each color needs its separate screen, and those go for around 75USD a screen. In addition to that, there is a cost of 0.01-0.03USD per side depending on the number of colors.

2. UV print:

UV print is the perfect solution for many components and pieces, especially for small quantities. It doesn’t need any setup fee and has unlimited colors.

The only drawback of UV print is that the print isn’t absorbed into the wood, and if you pass your finger on it, you will be able to feel the extra ink. However, this is a matter of personal taste; some creators like to have the feeling of print on the wood components.

3. Heat Stamp:

Heat stamp is the most popular method for printing on glass, wood components, and dice. We use a hot film with a specific design on it for heat stamp, and then we stamp it onto the piece.

The significant advantage of heat stamp is that the ink is absorbed into the material and seems to be part of it. Heat stamp also has a set-up fee of 150USD per design, so it should be used only when you have a unified design for all components.  

4. Laser Engrave:

If you want the wood to be engraved, that is also possible, and it is an entirely different process. For engraving, we lay the piece flat on a table and then go over all the pieces with the laser, or if the engraved part is a simple line, we will have the laser at the bottom and pass the piece on top of it.

The engraved area will have a darker color of burned wood. With laser engraving, you will not be able to fill in the engraved space with color. That will make it too complicated for production.

CE Mark/Certificate For Board Games

CE Mark/Certificate for Board Games.

What is the CE mark for?

Certification for board game, The CE mark is a symbol affixed to the package of product to recognize which product confirms to the standards set forth by the European Council for toy safety. The product safety directive applies to all products manufactured in Europe or imported into Europe from a third country. If you manufacture your games in Europe you should also have a CE test report. Check the EC Europa website.

Does my board game need a CE mark on it?

The council for toy safety has detailed in its Annex that a toy for people over the age of 14 is not considered a toy and does not need a CE/ certification for board game. However, if your game will be played by kids as well, it is the utmost importance that you ensure the safety of players and get a test report for your game.

Whose name should be on the CE test report?

If you are an importer or a distributor of games, you have the same responsibility towards the games as the manufacturer does. Hence, you should have a test report showing that the games you are selling conform to the standards. Having a report from a manufacturer is not enough to cover in case your company and games are audited.

Is the CE mark on my board game applicable to other countries as well?

Though the UK is Brexiting (looks like it) from Europe, still the two governments are in transition, and many of the rules that applied in Europe still apply to the UK. As long as the UK government does not declare otherwise, the CE safety standards apply to the UK as well.

 

As for the USA, CE does not apply and is not a sufficient proof for safety standards. In the USA, the federal government has established the CPSC (Consumer Product Safety Commission), and they have a separate set of standards under the ASTM F963 act. For more information, check our article about getting an ASTM test report.

 

However, CE and the European standards are still most widely used and though countries like Australia, Canada, Japan, and Korea have their own set of standards, the CE standards will do.

 

Check our article about overlapping tests.

What does the CE standard tests include for board games?

Certification for board game, Overall, toys are all under the EN-71 category, however, within this category, there are various tests.

For board games’ CE, the most common tests are as follows.

  1. Physical and Mechanical Properties – making sure that the physical property of the game do not present any risk, such as sharp edges that can cut or small pieces that can cause asphyxiation.

  2. Flammability – to make sure that the toys are not prone to burn.

  3. Chemical substances – to ensure that the chemicals used in the board game do not harm human health. This largely relates to heavy metals used in coating and color.

  4. Checking the labeling on the package to make sure it is according to standard.

Some tests such as electrical properties, radioactivity, elasticity etc. understandably do not apply to board games. There are additional tests required by the European Union namely the REACH test, but we will discuss them in a separate article.

 

 

Click here to download the proceedings from the CE Safety council.

How to get the CE standard check?

Hero Time cooperates with world-leading testing labs and can help with the standard test. In general, there are 5 steps your game should go through to permit the affixation of the CE mark.

  1. Make 3-5 proof samples of your game.

  2. Send them to the testing lab.

  3. The testing lab will take apart your game and check for the mentioned standards.

  4. After a week, the lab will give you back the results of the test with a test report, and also a license.

  5. Once you get the test report, you can affix the CE mark to your game.

 

Feel free to contact us

Download the official CE mark here.

 

What documents will I need?

As you are looking to sell your game in Europe, you will need the following documents.

  1. The test report from the testing lab

  2. An official declaration of conformity from the manufacturer.

  3. The CE mark on your game

If you want to learn about other required labeling, simply go and download the required labels.

 

How Much does the CE Test Cost?

The price largely depends on the game that is being produced. Each component in the game should undergo the mentioned tests.

  • EN 71-1 costs 70 USD per item,

  • EN 71-2 costs 80 USD per item,

  • and EN 71-3 costs 105 USD per material and color.

an item refers to a whole set of a component. For example a set of cards is one item. The outer box is considered one item, and so are the meeples and other components.

 

In the Chemical test each color needs to be tested for chemical composition, and so does each material, so if you have multiple-color meeples, each color needs to be tested. If you have two meeples same color but made from different material there is also a need for two tests.

Paper or cardboard tokens need only one EN 71-3 test, as they are all printed on one sheet.

 

Contact us to get an exact quote for your game.

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Getting a US Safety Test for Your Board Game(CPSC)

What is the CPSC protocol?

Unlike the CE which has been around since the late 1980’s , in the USA a federal standard took longer to legislate. Only in 2008 did the federal government mandated that products for Children need to conform to CPSIA standards. (The consumer product safety act), and only in 2018 did they decide to enforce this protocol on manufacturers and importers. Now at the beginning of 2021 Amazon requires every product sold to children to have a CPC (Children’s Product Certificate)

*a child is considered to be anyone under the age of 14

What safety standards does the CPSC have for board games?

Safety test for board game, On the whole, the CPSIA works on aligning its standards with the CE standards. but they do have some additional tests that are mandatory.

1- ASTM F963Physical properties of the game:

    Checking the accessibility of sharp corners, edges, and small parts

2- ASTM F963 Flammability test:

    Making sure your game is not flammable and does pose danger to kids who play it in warm areas of the house.

3- ASTM F963 – Soluble Heavy Metals tests:

    Mostly in regards to heavy metals used in the process of making paint, coating, paper, cardboard, plastic, and other components.

4- CPSIA Lead in substrate and coating:

    This test also includes the specific children’s lead test of ASTM F963, and the specific CA65 lead test for California.

(When testing it is crucial to add the later ASTM lead. and CA65 lead in the test report, though it is done together with the CPSIA lead test)

5- CPSIA Phthalates 8P :

    This test includes the specific California CA65 Phthalates, and like in the lead test, it should be specified and included in the test report.

6- CPSIA specific tracking label requirements

How to label a board game according to the CPSIA?

In this regard, the CPSC is similar to the CE standards. The label should notify the users of the appropriate age of players. Because, If it has small parts clearly specify that it is not for the use of children under the age of 3. and state any hazardous warnings related to the game. Some common hazardous aspects are sharp edges and small pieces.

Download the label here

 

In addition, the CPSIA states that the game should have:

1- Manufacturer’s name

2- Production date

3- Batch number

4- Detailed location of production, Street, City, and Country

5- Importer / seller name

6- Importer / seller address

7- Importer/seller contact information (website is good enough)

8- It is not enough to find a factory with a previous CPC, the CPC must be specific for the game. and have the seller and manufacturer’s name on it as well.

* if you have a simple cards game with only a tuckbox you need to have one card with that information, as the CPSIA regards a tuckbox as a disposable package

 

 

How to make sure my game passes the tests?

Hero Time will make a few samples of your game first to send to the testing lab, and once you get the certificate. Hero Time will continue with mass production. If your game only has standard components. It is also possible to simply send games to the testing lab from the mass production.

How much does a safety standard test cost?

  • The physical properties, flammability, and labeling test for the whole game cost 95USD

  • The costs for testing heavy metals, lead, and phthalates P8, is 130USD per material and per color: for example, cards, playing board, punchout sheet, wood tokens of the same color, etc.

  • For plastic and wood components, there is an additional 130USD per color, as each color uses different substrates.

Saying that, heavy board games with multi-color miniatures and wood components are better off simply stating. and they are for the ages of 14 and up.

 

Which testing lab should you use?

Testing is not a matter to take lightly, That’s why in Hero Time we chose to work with one of the most known testing labs in the world Bureau Veritas

How Much Does It Cost to Make a Board Game?

A critical part of running a successful board game business is understanding how much it will cost to actually make your game. 

The cost to make a board game can vary significantly based on the components used in your game, their customization level, how complex they are to produce, and a whole range of other factors.

Each game has different sized tokens, playing boards, cards, and other components. There is no one-size-fits-all price to manufacture your own board game, but rather each game involves its own unique manufacturing process and quote.

You can contact us to talk to our team about how much it will cost to make your board game or card game.

Although the exact cost can vary from game to game, this doesn’t mean that there aren’t any underlying guidelines for quoting the price to manufacture your game.

In general, you can expect to pay a similar amount to the figures below for your game, based on the complexity of your game and the size of your order:

  • For a simple one-deck card game, between $0.50 and $1.90 USD per unit.
  • For a simple two-deck card game like Sabobatage or Chicken Challengers, between $1.40 and $5 USD per unit.
  • For a multi-deck card game like That Sound Game or Made Up Movies, between $2.70 and $7.50 per unit.
  • For a light board game with some decks of cards, tokens and other pieces, like Snack Time or Moonshell, between $4 and $11 USD per unit.
  • For a medium-weight board game with seven to 12 components such as Sauria, Project EOS, or Ahau, between $7 and $20 per unit.

For a massive board game like Gloomhaven or Deliverance with miniatures and lots of pieces, between $14 and $35 USD per unit.

Note that the low price points above are for orders of 10,000 sets, and the high price points are for orders of only 500 sets. In addition to manufacturing, services like board game design and prototype manufacturing can affect these figures.

In this article, I’ll explain as clearly as I can how games are quoted, as well as the general cost of manufacturing a board game.

So far, most board game manufacturers have kept this knowledge secret — usually, it’s hidden from public view and isn’t widely shared with board game makers until late in the sales cycle, if it’s even disclosed to sales staff.

So, you shouldn’t be surprised if you end up knowing more about board game production costs than your current factory contact after you reach the end of this guide.

If you need any help understanding the costs outlined in this guide, or want to talk to us about the process of making your game, feel free to contact us.

The Basics of Board Game Manufacturing Costs

All board games consist of board game pieces. Covering all of these is a job too long for one page, so we’ll first start with the price of printed board game components.

The price for the printed materials that make up your board game is composed of:

  • Raw materials costs
  • Board game printing costs
  • Coating and card linen finish
  • Gluing and cutting
  • Assembly and packaging

Let’s start with the raw materials costs, then cover the other components that make up this part of your board game’s total manufacturing cost.

Raw Materials Cost

The raw materials used for creating your game board and other printed materials are primarily papers and cardboards. These make up a significant percentage of your game’s pieces, so it’s important to keep them in mind when assessing costs for your game.

Papers and cardboard are sold in units of roughly 1 square meter (sqm), with two precise sizes — 780*1080mm and 882*1182mm.

Each sheet of paper is made to a specific weight. If you’ve received a pricing quote from us, you probably saw the term “gsm” in your quote, which stands for “Grams Square Meter.”

GSM refers to the weight of each sheet of paper. Some cards are only 280gsm, while others are 350gsm or 400gsm. Some board game boxes are made of cardboard that’s only 800gsm, while others are 2,000gsm. 

There’s no “perfect” type of cardboard, but generally thicker and heavier is stronger and offers a more premium feel. Thicker, more dense cardboard and paper is also more expensive. The best option is totally dependent on the feeling you want your game to have.

Paper & Cardboard Prices for Board Games

In manufacturing, paper and cardboard are priced by ton. Low-grade paper and cardboard costs around $600 USD per ton, while higher-grade paper and cardboard will cost around $1,500 per ton, or even more.

As a board game manufacturer, the first thing we do is calculate the amount of raw material that is needed for your game’s production run. This amount of raw material doesn’t solely include the net amount of the final game sets you will receive, but also any waste/leftover materials.

It also includes any paper or cardboard sheets we will need to discard due to quality issues that can occur during the supply process.

It’s important to know the exact specifications of your game before we give you a final quote for paper and cardboard. Also, remember that the more complex your game is, the more errors can occur, which can result in more raw materials going to waste.

Typical raw materials cost for paper and cardboard: $600 to $1,500 USD per ton

We know this can sound confusing and overwhelming, so if you have any questions about paper or cardboard for board games (or other aspects of this part of production), feel free to contact us via email for a personalized answer.

Board Game Printing Costs

Printing your board game is generally a fast process. We use modern, state-of-the-art machines that are capable of printing 10,000 sheets in one hour. 

The main sources of costs when it comes to printing your game are the process of creating the printing plates, calibrating our printing machines, and covering the operator’s hourly cost during the printing run.

Many creators and people in the industry think the price of printing is per sheet. This isn’t really accurate — it’s more of a fixed price to create the plates and calibrate machinery.

For this reason, the cost per unit for a small print run is significantly higher than the board game printing price for several thousand sets of your game. In fact, the total price to print 500 sets of a game isn’t very different from the price to print 10,000 sets, as it takes the same amount of time.

Typical printing cost: $200-$1,000 USD per printing side, depending on the machine size and accuracy that’s required for your game

Contact us with your game art and we can assess which machine suits your needs best. 

Variations of Machines

One important thing to keep in mind is that there is variation in pricing between different printing machines. We offer printing machines with three different sizes:

  • Small, up to 280*440mm (+/- $250 USD)
  • Medium, up to 540*780mm (+/- $400 USD)
  • Large, up to 882*1182mm (+/- $800 USD)

Certain features offered during printing, which are available on some machines, may affect this cost. 

If your game’s cards and tokens can be printed using a smaller machine and fit within a smaller paper or cardboard size, it can reduce the printing costs by a significant amount.

Coating and Card Linen Finish

The cost for the coating is priced differently and goes per meter of paper. The thickness and the quality of the oil used during this step can affect pricing.

Typically, each sheet of paper in your game will cost between $0.05 and $0.35 for lamination or oil varnish. You can check out all of the different finishes we offer here

Adding texture on the card (aka linen finish) is both a fixed cost for installing the stamping plates and a fixed price of $0.06 per sheet.

Typical finish costs: $0.10 to $0.35 per sheet.

Gluing & Cutting:

Gluing for paper and cardboard is charged per sheet. A sheet of paper can cost anywhere from $0.10 to $0.30 USD to glue. 

Cutting is divided into two parts: cutting cards and cutting cardboard pieces. Cards are cut by a machine and are +/-0.15USD per deck. 

On the other hand, cutting cardboard pieces involves (1) a fixed cost for making the cutting die, and (2) a price per sheet for cutting. Both of these processes have an initial configuration fee of approximately $100.

Cutting Method and Results

It’s important to note that die-cut molds cut best when they are smaller than 30*30cm (12*12”). This means that if the cut is very customized and with a lot of little details, we will need to make multiple cutting dies, preferably under 30*30cm.

In this regard, I must add that some factories don’t consider this at all before starting production of a game. Only during production do they realize the error, which can potentially lead to defects in your final product.

Typical gluing and cutting costs: $0.15 to $0.70USD per sheet.

Assembly & Packaging:

The assembly and packaging process for creating board games involves collating all the pieces, shrink wrapping them, putting them into boxes, and sealing them. This process is mostly manual labor.

Unlike the other steps, which are done by machines, this part is done by people and can come out quite expensive — it generally ranges from $0.25 to $0.55 per game.

Shipping Cartons

This step also includes putting the games into the shipping cartons. Shipping cartons should be at least five layers thick so they will protect the merchandise. This is not something to save money on, as the shipping can damage many games, and the shipping insurance will only cover damages if the cartons are high grade.

Typical assembly and packaging costs: $0.25 to $0.60 USD per item.

Contact Us

As I mentioned above, there’s no one-size-fits-all cost to make a board game. Depending on the number of pieces in your game, its packaging, and other factors, your cost per unit may vary from less than $1 USD to $10 USD or more.

If you’re interested in manufacturing a board game and want a more precise quote or pricing information, feel free to contact us. Our team can provide a detailed, accurate quote for your board game production and help you with every step of the process.

How Much Does it Cost to Print a Board Game?

The cost to print a board game can vary based on several factors, including the raw material costs, the cost of the printing plates for your board game, and the process of calibrating the printing machines. These all add together to result in a total printing cost.

One thing to be aware of is that printing is mostly made up of fixed costs, such as making the printing plates for your custom board game and setting up the machines. This means that the smaller your print run, the higher your cost per unit of your game will be.

If you’re planning to make a board game, it’s important to keep in mind that the total cost per unit is made up of more than just printing. 

For example, in addition to printing your game pieces, there’s also the cost of coating, gluing, cutting, assembly, and then packaging to keep in mind. 

We’ve explained the printing process for games and its costs below. If you need more help working out how much it will cost to print your game (or if you need help with any part of the board game design and manufacturing process), please contact us.

Pricing for Board Game Printing Basics

The cost to print your game will vary based on the following factors:

  1. Your choice of paper size. Paper comes in several sizes, each of which requires a different type of printing plate. Creating a cost-effective board game involves choosing a paper size that allows you print everything you need while minimizing waste per sheet.
  2. Your game artwork. Your artwork plays a big role in determining your printing costs, as the time required to set up a printing sheet can take anywhere from an hour with good art assets to one month for badly made artwork.
    If your assets comply with printing standards, the price of your game can be lowered by up to $200 per component type. Our team can work with you to make sure no space is wasted and your print run is as efficient as possible.
  3. Your print run size. Because the printing process involves a lot of fixed costs, large print runs are much less expensive on a per-unit basis than small runs or the creation of a prototype.
  4. The grade of paper you choose. Paper comes in various grades, or weights, measured in grams per square meter (GSM). It’s also available in different levels of whiteness, which determine the color quality of the final printed item.
    The “perfect” weight can vary based on the type of game you’re creating and this, with your choice of paper whiteness, will impact your raw material costs for printing.

The quality of the printing machine. Many different printing machines are used for board game printing, and some machines may offer pricing advantages over others.

Printing Plate and Paper Sizes for Board Games

A critical thing to keep in mind in terms of printing costs is the numerous varieties of paper sizes and printing plates.

As there are numerous combinations of paper sizes and printing plates, we cannot cover all of them in detail. Instead, we will cover the most frequently used options, I’ve shared the most cost-effective and relevant dimensions for board game creators.

If you have a question, please comment at the bottom of this article, or contact us.

Disclosure: This article is written mostly for Small and Medium Publishers. If you are a large publisher that exceeds 10 tons of a single raw material per print run, you can customize the size of paper to your game’s needs without any additional costs.

Paper Size Categories

There are two elements to consider regarding the size of paper for a board game or card game:

The first is the size of the printing plate. In our manufacturing facility, we use the following four types of printing machines, with corresponding plate sizes:

    1. S: Heidelberg Speedmaster SM 52-2 with a printing plate size of 490X330mm (19X12 inch)
    2. M: Heidelberg Speedmaster SX 74 with a printing plate size of up to 540X780mm (21X30 inch)
    3. L: Heidelberg Speedmaster SX 102 with a printing plate size of up to 720X1020mm (28X40 inch)
  • The LITHRONE G37 with a 64x94cm printing plate. (25x37inch) (Used for game creators that want low quality books)

There are also other types of printing machines available in the industry, so if you are already using a printer, ask them for their sizes.

The second is the size of paper that’s used for printing. The sizes of paper can be divided into three major categories: small (S), medium (M), and large (L). For the best value for money for your printing process, we need to match the size of the printing plate with the correct size of paper.

Offset Printing Paper Sizes

While large publishers can customize their art and paper to fit the printing plate’s size, small and medium publishers are constrained to the paper size. Your goal should be to waste as little paper as possible. Using excess paper isn’t just environmentally wasteful — it can also increase the cost of printing your game.

Here are available off-the-shelf papers:

Small (S) Size Paper

  1. 295x295mm (total print area 285x285mm) – (11*11 inch). Many game creators wrongly use this size for token sheets. It’s best used for tuckboxes and small token sheets. 
  2. 294x440mm (total print area 280x420mm) – (11*16 inch). Best used for token sheets, a few reference cards, small boxes, and small rulebooks. This is the most cost-effective paper size.

Matching Printing Machine

These two paper sizes all fit into the smaller Speed Master SM52 printing machine.

Cost Range

The cost for setting up the small printing machine is roughly 160 USD, including waste. 

Then the cost for printed paper is 0.011 USD per sheet. 

(*not including price of paper, coating, cutting, and gluing if needed.)

Common Uses

These small sizes are best used for tokens, a few reference cards, small boxes, and small rulebooks.

Medium (M) Size Paper

  1. 394x440mm paper (total print area 374x420mm) – (15*16 inch) – This is best used for small foldable game boards.
  2. 440*590mm paper (total print area 410*560mm) – (16*22inch) – This is best used for medium size rulebooks, medium game boxes, large map tiles for your game, and foldable game boards
  3. 540x780mm paper (total print area 520x760mm) – (20.4x30inch) – This is the default sheet for playing card printing and some larger game boxes. 

Matching Printing Machine

For these paper sizes, we use the Heidelberg Speedmaster SX 74 which is the most common in commercial printing and has the best color control across all sizes.  

Cost Range

The cost of setting up this machine can go up to $300 USD.

And each sheet printed with the machine is roughly $0.019 USD.

(*not including price of paper, coating, cutting, and gluing if needed.)

Common Uses

Please note, that token sheets with small cuts should not be used with these paper sheets as they will not cut properly. 

Large (L) Size Paper

    • 590*882cm (total print area 570*862mm) – (23*33 inch). This paper size is most commonly used for large rulebooks, and for large boxes.
    • EXTRA LARGE 780x1080mm (total print area 760×1020).

Matching Printing Machine

For these papers we will use the Heidelberg Speedmaster SX 102 or the LITHORNE G29, depending on the quality of print you need to use in your game.

Cost Range 

The set up cost of this printing machine is roughly $620 USD, and printing each sheet is $0.03 USD. 

Note that this is the machine used also for printing on holofoil and PVC though printing on these materials is an additional $200 USD set up and an additional $0.005 per sheet, due to the immediate UV coating the printing assets get.

(*not including price of paper, coating, cutting, and gluing if needed.)

Important note:

The 780×1080 cannot be used as boxes or game boards as it is too large to cut safely. 

Recent Developments

Recently, there have been developments in card cutting and collating technologies, and with careful printing, we can actually fit 64 poker size cards in one sheet. If you have a game in the process, feel free to contact us about this.

Important Notes:

There are several other important things to take into account regarding graphic design and printing:

  1. Don’t forget to add a bleed to your art. Bleed should be 3mm on each side and should be considered when choosing the right paper size.
  2. Bleed for playing boards and boxes should have an extra 15mm on each side. Don’t forget to add it to the calculations.
  3. Use millimeters (MM) , not inches. We have added some sizes in inches for convenience, but you should always use millimeters when preparing your art and determining which paper size is most suitable for your project.
  4. For color-rich art, avoid adding too many printing components. Sometimes it’s best not to add too many printing components if your game art is color-rich, as the colors might not turn out sharp. For heavy board games, it’s best to first consult with the machine operator.
  5. There should not be more than 80 cards in one sheet. It will harm the cards in the cutting process. 
  6. We did not include cutting and finishing prices in this article. Like mentioned previously, the cutting process depends on your components, and finish adds anywhere from $0.15-0.30 USD per sheet.

Large publishers who want to become more cost-effective should control the supply chain all the way from the paper mill to assembly. The printing factory does not necessarily know the ins and outs of paper sizes.

Contact Us for Help

If you need help working out the printing costs for your board game or card game, or with any other step in the manufacturing process, we’re happy to help.

Contact us now to talk to a member of our team and get a free quote for your game, advice on the manufacturing process, or anything else you need.

Cardboard Costs

Cardboard is vital for board games; it is used in components such as the board game box, playing board, score trackers, tokens, characters, and many others.

However, most creators don’t really understand the additional costs these cardboard components add to their game. Even more so, they don’t really understand why the cardboard prices vary so much between factories.

1. Card Board Costs for Board Game Details:

In this article, I will try to set the record straight and clearly explain the price of cardboard with their different quality, thickness, and size.

 

*This article is a continuation of the previous two articles: Printing Cost, and Overall Cost Structure. And although I add a short recap, I strongly recommend rereading the previous two articles if you find this article overwhelming. You can learn more about Hero Time Board game manufacturer here.

2. The Different Grades of Card Board:

If you are making a box, a player board, or tokens, in addition to the printing costs in the previous article, there are also the pieces’ cardboard costs. Generally, 

 
There are three levels of cardboard that can be used for a board game:
 
1. Standard (B) quality.
2. (A) quality dense/high dense.
3. (Double-A) Extra high density.
 
(as far as I know, only Hero Time uses extra high density).
 

* Unless you manufacture at Panda Games or Print Ninja, don’t take for granted the grade factories tell you as many factories and their salespeople can’t really tell the difference themselves; they buy off the shelf whatever wholesalers give them.

To learn more about the capabilities of these different grade cardboards, you can view the following two videos

3. Cost for Different Grades of Card Board:

  1. Standard B Quality = 700USD per ton
  2. A quality Dense/High Dense = 1070USD per ton
  3. Hero Time’s Extra Dense cardboard = 1230USD per ton.

These costs however are not static and they change every quarter. It follows the Producer Price Index of Wood Pulp.

 

To assess what these costs mean for your games in specific, we first need to decide the thickness of the cardboard you want to use and the sheet’s size suitable for your game.

4. The Sheet Size Suitable for your Components:

In the last article, we covered the price of printing on different sheets of paper and showed the standard paper sizes used in your game. To review, we buy from the paper mill a standard size sheet of 88.2*118.2cm.

we have six ways of cutting it most cost-effectively:
 
  1. 29.4*29.5cm (total print area 26*26) – (10*10inch)
  2. 29.4*39.4cm (Total Print area 26*36.cm) – (10*14inch)
  3. 39.4*44cm (Total Print area 36*41) – (14*16inch)
  4. 44*59cm paper (Total print area 41*56) – (16*22inch)
  5. 54*78cm (Total print area 51*75cm) – (20*29inch).
  6. The large size paper is 59*88.2cm (Total print area 56*85cm) – (22*33inch)

The thickness of the cardboard

5. The Thickness of the Card Board:

In the last article, we covered the price of printing on different sheets of paper and showed the standard paper sizes used in your game. To review, we buy from the paper mill a standard size sheet of 88.2*118.2cm.

we have six ways of cutting it most cost-effectively:
 
  1. 29.4*29.5cm (total print area 26*26) – (10*10inch)
  2. 29.4*39.4cm (Total Print area 26*36.cm) – (10*14inch)
  3. 39.4*44cm (Total Print area 36*41) – (14*16inch)
  4. 44*59cm paper (Total print area 41*56) – (16*22inch)
  5. 54*78cm (Total print area 51*75cm) – (20*29inch).
  6. The large size paper is 59*88.2cm (Total print area 56*85cm) – (22*33inch)

Overall, there are three thicknesses that board game creators like to use for their game:

  1. 700-1000gsm (1.25-1.5mm thick),
  2. 1200gsm (2mm thick),
  3. 2000gsm (3mm thick).
 

As mentioned in our first article, cardboards are priced per ton, and we calculate each sheet’s weight by gsm (Gram Square Meter). Each master sheet size 88.2*118.2 is a square meter, and one ton equals 1,000,000 grams. So:

 
  1. If you choose the thin 1.25-1.5mm(700-1000gsm), we can fit around 1000 master sheets in one ton.
  2. 2mm thick (1200gsm) means we can fit about 800 master sheets in one ton.
  3. 3mm thick cardboard (2000gsm) we can fit 500 sheets in one ton.
 

See what thickness of cardboard you need for your game in the following video:

The size and cost of the sheets used in your game

6. The Size & Cost of Sheets used in your Game:

Card board costs for board game also consider the thickness of card board. After deciding the thickness of your cardboard, the quality grade, and the sheet size needed for your game, you can calculate how many master sheets fit into one ton and check how many smaller cardboard pieces you can make out of those sheets.

 

A) Standard Chart Sheet:

To make it easier for you, I have compiled everything into on price table for reference. In this table, you can see the cost per piece according to its quality and GSM. You should add this cost to the printing cost mentioned in “How Much Does it Cost to Make a Board Game – Printing Costs”

*as mentioned in our first How much does it cost to make a board gamearticle, you should also consider the waste and defect product, which vary between 10 and 20% depending on your pieces’ complexity. If you want the 2mm cardboard and cut it into six pieces, the price per ton should be calculated for 4000 pieces instead of 4800. We have already included it in the table.

 

*You probably came across the newest Blue Core cardboard in our videos; this is the latest cardboard type on the market and is perfect for tokens and player boards. The blue core cardboard is a thin cardboard 1.5mm (1000gsm), but it has a 2000gsm A quality cardboard durability. Its price is 1400USD per ton, but it is only relevant for large orders of 10 tons and up.

Gluing and Cutting Costs

So far, we have covered the cost of printing and cardboard costs. To finalize your printed components’ price, we next need to determine the gluing and cutting costs.

In this article, we will go by the manufacturing process and cover first gluing and then cutting

1. Gluing Methodology for Papers & Card Boards:

 

There are three ways to glue printed papers and cardboards.

1. By hand
2. Semi-Automated
3. Fully automated. 
 

When making your game, we need to decide which gluing machine to use. They all have their advantages, disadvantages, and set up / operational costs.

 

There are two things to consider when choosing the best machine for the game’s needs: 

1. Size and shape of the component.
2. Quantity.

 

1. Feature of  Fully-Automated Machine:

 

  1. The fully automated machine can run up to 7-10 pieces a minute and has a 95% accuracy rate.
  2. It can glue playing boards with wrap around the edges and even make boxes up to 25*25*7cm in size. 
  3. However, it has a high setup fee of around 300USD, and hence it is only reasonable to use it for orders larger than 1500/2000 sets and up (which will take a couple of hours and not get done in an hour or so). (operated by 1-2 people).   

 

2. Feature of  Semi-Automated Machine:

 

  1. The semi-automated machine is perfect for small two side token sheets and pages up to 44*59cm. 
  2. It is cheap to set up, only around 50USD, and it has relatively good accuracy (+-85%).
  3. Also, it has a high output of up to 10-12 sheets per minute. 
  4. However, it is limited in its option and will not be suitable for playing boards, boxes, and boards with wrap around the edges. (operated by 2 people) 

 

3. Gluing By Hand:


  1. The third gluing option is by hand. There is no setup fee, the output is about four pieces a minute, and it is incredibly versatile. 
  2. You can make with it any size box, any size playing board, and anything else you would like. 
  3. The only downside is the high hourly labor cost for the machine and the relatively low accuracy of around 70-80%, leading to additional hours and waste. (Operated by at least 4 people).
  4. So for quantities of less than 1500 or for large/complex components, it is best to glue by hand.

 

Cost of  Gluing By Hand:


  1. As gluing is a simple process, the price of labor for it in China is about 4USD an hour for good in-house staff. 
  2. To check the cost of gluing for your game, you can calculate 4 pieces per minute * 60 minutes to see how long it will take to make your component, 
  3. Then multiply the number of hours by the number of people required for the job—gluing by hand costs around 0.1USD per side.

1. Cutting Cost for Board Game:

 

1. Cutting is a more complicated process and requires a machine operator that understands the cutting mold’s capabilities; it cannot be done just by anyone. 

 

2. Hence, the hourly rate for such a person is between the 9-10USD an hour.

 

3. The cutting machine’s output is 4-5 sheets per minute as it requires constant checking of the mold and the cut, so it comes out around 4 cents.

 
2. Labor Vs. Cutting Mold:

 
  1. Besides the labor costs, there is the cost of making the cutting mold, which can be between 30-100USD. 
  2. For simple straight lines, it will be 30USD, while for a token sheet with up to 30 pieces, it can be $60, and for larger sheets (for playing boards) or sheets with over 30 cut-out pieces, it can reach even up to 100USD.
  3. Therefore, for a standard board game the mold cost, will be between 0.015 for 3000 sets and 0.13 for 500 sets.
 

Frequently Ask Question:

 
Gluing and cutting costs, Some creators ask if we can keep molds and reuse them, thus saving the mold’s cost. However, it is not possible as the knives are made of metal which rusts after 3-5 months, and has to be changed.

The final cost you get from Hero Time is the component’s cost, including all the mold gluing and finish costs.

 

Feel free to comment and ask us any questions.

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